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عطا و گرفت Book Summary preview
دهانه و گرفتن - کاور کتاب Chapter preview
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چکیده

بر اساس خرد قدیمی، راه موفقیت در کسب و کار خودخواهی است. اما آیا کلید پیشرفت در محیط کار، نه فشار بر دیگران، بلکه ساختن دیگران است؟ این ایده است که آدام گرانت در عطا و گرفت بررسی می کند. او از طریق تحقیقات مبتنی بر داده و مجموعه ای از داستان های جالب، سه نوع مختلف افراد را در هر سازمان تشریح می کند و توضیح می دهد که چرا "دهندگان"، کسانی که به طور عادی به منافع دیگران نگاه می کنند، کلید موفقیت فردی و شرکتی هستند.

Questions and answers

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Adam Grant's research suggests that having 'givers' in an organization can lead to both individual and corporate success. 'Givers' are those who habitually look out for the interests of others. They contribute to a positive work environment by fostering a culture of cooperation and mutual support. This can lead to increased productivity, improved team dynamics, and a more engaged workforce. Furthermore, organizations with a high number of 'givers' may also enjoy a better reputation, which can attract more talented employees and loyal customers.

A startup can utilize the concept of 'givers' for its growth by fostering a culture of generosity and collaboration. 'Givers' are individuals who habitually look out for the interests of others. They are key to both individual and corporate success because they build others up, rather than pushing them down. This can lead to a more positive work environment, increased employee satisfaction, and ultimately, better business outcomes. Startups can encourage 'giving' behavior by recognizing and rewarding it, and by setting an example at the leadership level.

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خلاصه

محیط کار متوسط از گیرندگان، مچرها و دهندگان تشکیل شده است. گیرندگان کسانی هستند که تقریباً به طور انحصاری به روش هایی عمل می کنند که دستورالعمل های شخصی خود را پیشبرد می کنند. در تعاملات آنها با دیگران، آنها به طور داخلی سوال می کنند، "شما می توانید چه کاری برای من انجام دهید؟" مچرها بر اساس مبادله عمل می کنند، به اندازه ای که دیگران به آنها داده اند می دهند. تعاملات مچرها بر اساس عدل و انصاف است، با تعاملات مبتنی بر ایده ای که "اگر شما کاری برای من انجام دهید، من هم کاری برای شما انجام خواهم داد." گروه سوم، دهندگان، از افرادی تشکیل شده است که با خدمت به افراد اطرافشان توصیف می شوند. تعامل دهندگان بر اساس سوال "من می توانم چه کاری برای شما انجام دهم؟" است. تحقیق گرانت بر اساس مصاحبه با 30,000 نفر در صنایع و فرهنگ های مختلف بود، و بیش از نیمی از پاسخگویان او - 56 درصد - خود را به عنوان مچر معرفی کردند. نوزده درصد از افراد در استخر نظرسنجی او خود را گیرنده نامیدند، و 25 درصد دهنده بودند.

Questions and answers

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Being a giver, taker, or matcher is not necessarily an innate property. These are behavioral traits that can be influenced by various factors such as upbringing, personal experiences, and cultural context.

To nurture these traits, one can start by self-awareness and understanding one's current behavior pattern. If you identify as a taker, you can consciously make efforts to give more and expect less in return. If you're a matcher, try to give without expecting anything immediately in return. For givers, it's important to ensure that your generosity is not being taken advantage of.

Moreover, creating a supportive environment that encourages giving and fair exchange can also help nurture these traits. This could be done through policies that reward giving behavior or through leadership that models such behavior. Remember, change is a gradual process and requires consistent effort and patience.

Adam Grant's research identifies three types of people in the workplace: takers, matchers, and givers. Takers are self-serving, matchers operate on a quid pro quo basis, and givers serve those around them. For managers, the actionable takeaways could be:

1. Identify the types of individuals in your team and understand their interaction styles.

2. Encourage a culture of giving as it fosters a positive work environment.

3. Be wary of takers who may disrupt team harmony.

4. Ensure matchers are treated fairly to maintain their productivity.

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دهندگان در مقدمه

وقتی گرانت به نتایج مطالعه خود عمیق تر نگاه کرد، متوجه شد که مدل سنتی "حوضه کوسه" موفقیت کسب و کار روی سر خود برگشته است. او متوجه شد که ضعیف ترین افراد در تنظیمات کسب و کار و آموزشی معمولاً دهندگان هستند، اما افرادی که در بالای توده هستند نیز دهندگان هستند. علاوه بر این، حتی وقتی دهندگان نتایج فردی کمتری داشتند، حضور آنها منجر به موفقیت بیشتر شرکت و فرهنگ محیط کار دعوت کننده تر شد. گرانت متوجه شد که دهندگان نسبت به مچرها و گیرندگان در ساخت شبکه ها، شناسایی و توسعه پتانسیل در دیگران و ارتباطات موثر، مزیت قطعی داشتند.

Questions and answers

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A manufacturing company can apply the innovative approach of promoting 'givers' for greater success by fostering a culture that values and rewards giving behavior. This could involve recognizing and promoting employees who demonstrate a willingness to help others, share knowledge, and contribute to team success. It could also involve implementing policies that encourage collaboration and mutual support. By doing so, the company can build a more cohesive and effective team, which can lead to improved productivity and success. Furthermore, promoting 'givers' can help to create a more positive and inviting workplace culture, which can attract and retain top talent.

The lessons from 'Give and Take' can be applied in today's business environment in several ways. Firstly, businesses can encourage a culture of giving, where employees help each other without expecting anything in return. This can lead to a more collaborative and positive work environment. Secondly, businesses can focus on building strong networks, which is a strength of givers. This can lead to more opportunities and success in the long run. Lastly, businesses can prioritize identifying and developing potential in others, another strength of givers. This can lead to more skilled and motivated employees, which can contribute to the overall success of the business.

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دهندگان شبکه های قوی تر و گسترده تری ایجاد می کنند زیرا تاریخچه ای از دادن به دیگران بدون انتظار چیزی در عوض داشتند. بنابراین، وقتی آنها نیاز به ارتباط مجدد با کسی در آن شبکه دارند، شخص دیگر بیش از حد مایل به همکاری است. گیرندگان و مچرها شبکه های مشابه قوی نمی سازند - گیرندگان اغلب افراد را با احساسات بد ترک می کنند، و مچرها ارتباطات آینده را خفه می کنند زیرا روابط قبلی بر اساس دینامیک بدهکار-بدهی ساخته شده بودند.

Questions and answers

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The giver's approach to networking challenges traditional business practices and paradigms by focusing on building others up rather than pushing them down. Givers create robust and extensive networks by giving to others without expecting anything in return. This approach fosters stronger relationships and cooperation when needed, as opposed to takers and matchers who often leave people with bad feelings or dampen future connections due to a debt-debtor dynamic.

The concept of 'givers' can be applied in a corporate setting to improve business relationships by encouraging a culture of generosity and mutual support. Employees who are 'givers' contribute to a more positive work environment by helping others without expecting anything in return. This creates a more robust network within the organization as it fosters trust, cooperation, and a sense of community. Over time, this can lead to improved business relationships as employees feel more connected and invested in each other's success.

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دهندگان نیز به دلیل طبیعت بخشنده خود در تنظیمات شرکتی بیش از حد موفق هستند زیرا آنها را مجهز به پرورش پتانسیل در دیگران می کند.افرادی که درگیر پیشرفت شخصی خود نیستند، می توانند عالی بودن ناکشف شده افراد اطراف خود را ببینند. بخشندگان همچنین معمولاً در همکاری گروهی برتری دارند، زیرا سایر اعضای گروه اعتماد می کنند که بخشندگان منافع گروه را بر موفقیت فردی خود ترجیح می دهند.

Questions and answers

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The ideas about 'givers' in 'Give and Take' have significant potential to be implemented in real-world corporate scenarios. Givers, as described in the book, are individuals who are not consumed with their own advancement and are free to see the untapped excellence in the people around them. They excel in group collaboration because they put the interest of the group ahead of their individual successes. This approach can foster a more collaborative and trusting environment in corporate settings, leading to higher team performance and overall success. However, it's important to note that the implementation would require a shift in corporate culture towards valuing and promoting generosity and collaboration.

The theory of 'givers' in 'Give and Take' challenges existing practices in corporate settings by proposing that success is not achieved by pushing others down, but by building others up. This contradicts the traditional belief that self-interest is the key to success. 'Givers', as described in the book, are successful because they nurture potential in others, excel in group collaboration, and prioritize the interest of the group over their individual successes. This approach fosters trust and cooperation, leading to a more productive and harmonious workplace.

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یکی دیگر از زمینه هایی که منجر به پیروزی سازمانی برای بخشندگان می شود، ارتباطات است. بخشندگان معمولاً فروشندگان موثری هستند زیرا در تعاملات خود، علاقه خود به فرد دیگر را منتقل می کنند، آنها آسیب پذیری را نشان می دهند و دیگران آنها را آسان می یابند تا به آنها مرتبط شوند. "ارتباطات بی قدرت"، که سبکی است که معمولاً توسط بخشندگان مورد ترجیح قرار می گیرد، باعث می شود مخاطبان آن را بپذیرند زیرا ارتباط برقرار کننده نظرات دیگران را دعوت می کند، در اطراف خود اعتماد ایجاد می کند و از کسانی که ممکن است چیزی برای ارائه داشته باشند، مشورت می گیرد.

Questions and answers

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Implementing the giver approach in a business can face several challenges. Firstly, there might be a resistance to change, especially if the current culture is more self-centered. Secondly, there could be a fear of being exploited or taken advantage of. Lastly, there might be a lack of understanding or misinterpretation of the giver approach. To overcome these challenges, it's important to clearly communicate the benefits and principles of the giver approach, provide training and support, and create a safe and trusting environment where employees feel comfortable to give without fear of exploitation.

The principles outlined in "Give and Take" can be applied to improve sales strategies in a business by fostering a culture of giving. This involves showing genuine interest in the other person during interactions, demonstrating vulnerability, and being relatable. This approach, known as "powerless communication", invites the opinions of others, inspires trust, and seeks advice from those who might have something to offer. This can lead to more effective sales strategies as it builds stronger relationships with customers, which can result in increased sales and customer loyalty.

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ایجاد یک محیط کاری دوستانه برای بخشندگان

اگر بخشندگان کلید هر دو عامل بهره وری و فرهنگ سالم محیط کار را در اختیار دارند، چگونه مدیران می توانند محیطی را پرورش دهند که بخشندگان در آن بتوانند رشد کنند؟ گرانت چندین استراتژی عملی را ارائه می دهد تا مطمئن شود که بخشندگان در یک سازمان تشویق می شوند تا روح بخشش خود را حفظ کنند، که منجر به پایان سوخت و ساز بخشنده و بهبود فرهنگ در محیط کار می شود.

Questions and answers

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The book 'Give and Take' has significantly influenced modern corporate strategies and business models by promoting the idea of fostering a culture of giving in the workplace. It suggests that success is not about pushing others down but about lifting others up. This has led to a shift in many organizations towards creating an environment where employees are encouraged to help each other, share knowledge, and collaborate. This approach has been shown to increase productivity, improve workplace culture, and reduce burnout. It has also influenced business models by encouraging companies to focus more on creating value for all stakeholders, rather than just maximizing profits for shareholders.

The lessons from 'Give and Take' can be applied to improve the business environment in today's corporate world by cultivating an environment where givers can thrive. This can be achieved by implementing practical strategies that encourage the giving spirit in employees. This not only prevents giver burnout but also improves the overall culture in the workplace. Encouraging a culture of giving can lead to increased productivity and a healthier workplace environment.

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اگر رهبری سازمانی از بخشندگان خود حمایت نکند، این بخشندگان به راحتی می توانند ناامید شوند و سوخت و ساز کنند، متقاعد شوند که فقط کوسه های شرکت به بالا خواهند رفت. مدیریت می تواند یک سیستم پشتیبانی ساده برای بخشندگان را با کمک به آنها برای تعیین مرزها و پاداش دادن به خدمات بزرگ و کوچکی که کارمندان در حال انجام برای دیگران هستند، نصب کند. همچنین وظیفه مدیران است که فرهنگی از دادن و گرفتن ایجاد کنند - محیطی که در آن اشتراک گذاری ایده ها ارزشمند است و اعضای تیم نترسند از درخواست کمک. اکثر دادن ها با درخواست کمک شروع می شود، گرانت گفت، اما در فرهنگ "تک نفره" این درخواست ها هرگز ارائه نمی شوند و بخشندگان در نهایت ناامید می شوند.

Questions and answers

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Some real-world examples of successful implementation of a giving and receiving culture in a company include Google's peer bonus system, where employees can nominate each other for bonuses, and Zappos' culture book, where employees share their thoughts and feelings about the company. Another example is Salesforce's 1-1-1 model, where the company contributes 1% of product, 1% of equity, and 1% of employee hours back to the communities it serves.

The principles from "Give and Take" can be applied to improve a company's culture by fostering an environment of mutual support and collaboration. Management can support givers in the organization by helping them set boundaries and rewarding the favors they do for others. This creates a culture of giving and receiving, where idea-sharing is valued and team members are not afraid to ask for help. It's important to move away from a "lone ranger" culture and encourage requests for help, as this is often where giving starts.

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کلید نهایی برای تضمین فرهنگ دوستانه بخشنده، استخدام استراتژیک است. لازم نیست فقط بخشندگان استخدام شوند، اما گرانت متوجه شده است که ترکیبی از بخشندگان و مچرها محیطی ایده آل برای موفقیت است. مهمترین عنصر در استخدام تیم، ضربه زدن به بخشندگان نیست، بلکه حذف گیرندگان است. "تأثیر منفی یک گیرنده در یک سازمان معمولاً دو تا سه برابر تأثیر مثبت یک بخشنده است"، گرانت گفت. تهیه سوالات مصاحبه برای شناسایی گیرندگان و تماشای رفتار نامزدها با کسانی که قادر به کمک به پیشرفت کاری آنها نیستند، دو گامی است که شرکت ها می توانند بردارند تا گیرندگان را خارج از دروازه ها نگه دارند و فرهنگ دادن را ترویج کنند.

Questions and answers

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The balance of givers and matchers in a team contributes to the overall success of a company by creating an optimal environment for success. Givers are individuals who contribute to the team without expecting anything in return, while matchers are those who give and take equally. Having a mix of these two types can ensure a giver-friendly culture. However, it's crucial to eliminate the takers - those who take more than they give - as their negative impact is usually double to triple the positive impact of one giver.

During the hiring process, it's crucial to craft interview questions that can help identify 'takers'. Observing how candidates interact with individuals who cannot directly advance their careers can also provide valuable insights. These strategies can help exclude 'takers' and foster a culture of giving within the organization.

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ممکن است به نظر برخورد کند، اما تحقیقات گسترده گرانت تأیید کرده است که پسران و دختران خوب واقعاً می توانند اول شوند. بخشندگان نه تنها در محیط کار با نتایج قابل سنجش پاداش می شوند، بلکه آنها نیز بخش جدایی ناپذیری از ایجاد یک محیط مراقبتی، خلاق، همکاری می باشند.بخشیدن عفونتی است، اغلب یک پویایی ایجاد می کند که در آن متقابل ها دیگر به دنبال تعادل برابری از دادن و گرفتن نیستند و به جای آن شروع به دادن بدون انتظار بازگشت می کنند. حتی گیرندگان گاهی اوقات می توانند توسط مثال ثابت دهندگان در میان خود تغییر کنند. مدیران و کارمندان به طور مشابه می توانند با کاشت روح بخشش در تعاملات خود با همکاران و مشتریان، محل کار خود را تحول دهند.

Questions and answers

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In a company, the term "giver" refers to individuals who contribute more than they take. They are often the ones who share their knowledge, skills, and resources without expecting anything in return. They play a crucial role in creating a nurturing, creative, and collaborative environment. The "taker", on the other hand, is someone who tends to receive more than they give. They often prioritize their own needs and interests over others. However, it's important to note that even takers can sometimes be influenced by the steady example of the givers in their midst. The "giver" usually gives to the organization as a whole, including their colleagues and customers.

In a business context, a giver can't typically "take back" from those they've given to. The concept of giving in business, as described in the content, is about creating a nurturing, creative, and collaborative environment. It's about generosity without the expectation of a return. However, if a giver feels they are being taken advantage of, they might reconsider their approach and set boundaries to ensure a more balanced relationship. Remember, the goal is to create a positive and productive environment, not to enable one-sided relationships.

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